Linux系统高可用集群软件之Keepalived-白红宇

Linux系统高可用集群软件之Keepalived

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发布时间：2019-06-27

本文共 7375 字，大约阅读时间需要 24 分钟。

Keepalived 集群软件是一个基于VRRP协议来实现的LVS(四层协议)服务高可用方案,可以利用避免单节点故障.LVS服务需要有2台服务器运行Keepalived服务,一台为主服务器(MASTER),一台为备份服务器(BACKUP),但是对外只有一个虚拟IP,主服务器会发送特定的消息给备份服务器,当备份服务器收不到这个消息的时候,备份服务器认为主服务器宕机并会接管虚拟IP提供服务,从而保证了服务的高可用性.

1.环境说明

系统:Centos 6.5 64位

软件:Keepalived ipvsadm

服务:apache

网络:

node1:192.168.1.100

node2:192.168.1.102

vip:192.168.1.105

2.配置本地时间和网络

(1)两台服务器时间必须一至

[root@node2 ~]# date --节点2的时间

Thu Nov 13 15:11:09 CST 2014

[root@node2 ~]#

[root@node1 ~]# date --节点1的时间

Thu Nov 13 15:11:13 CST 2014

[root@node1 ~]#

(2)配置本地网络

node1节点:

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

HWADDR=08:00:27:EE:3D:F6

TYPE=Ethernet

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.1.100

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.1.1

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts --两台服务器相互解析

192.168.1.100 node1

192.168.1.102 node2

[root@node1 ~]#

node2节点:

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

HWADDR=08:00:27:A5:94:4C

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.1.102

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.1.1

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/hosts

192.168.1.100 node1

192.168.1.102 node2

[root@node2 ~]#

3.安装所需要的软件包,配置httpd服务

node1节点:

[root@node1 ~]# yum install httpd keepalived ipvsadm -y --安装所需的软件

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

ServerName 127.0.0.1

[root@node1 ~]# echo "node1" > /var/www/html/index.html --定义web首页

[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

Stopping httpd: [FAILED]

Starting httpd: [ OK ]

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig httpd on --重启web服务

[root@node1 ~]#

node2节点:

[root@node2 ~]# yum install httpd keepalived ipvsadm -y

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

ServerName 127.0.0.1

[root@node2 ~]# echo "node2" > /var/www/html/index.html

[root@node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

Stopping httpd: [FAILED]

Starting httpd: [ OK ]

[root@node2 ~]# chkconfig httpd on

4.配置keepalived集群服务

node1节点:

[root@node1 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

[root@node1 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

[root@node1 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

[root@node1 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.1.105 broadcast 192.168.1.105 netmask 255.255.255.255 up

[root@node1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.1.105 dev eth0:1

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:EE:3D:F6

inet addr:192.168.1.100 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feee:3df6/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:1600615 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:1574022 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:106099219 (101.1 MiB) TX bytes:102403193 (97.6 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:EE:3D:F6

inet addr:192.168.1.105 Bcast:192.168.1.105 Mask:255.255.255.255

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:5087 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:5087 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:403339 (393.8 KiB) TX bytes:403339 (393.8 KiB)

[root@node1 ~]# route -n

Kernel IP routing table

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface

192.168.1.105 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0

192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0

169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0

0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/

[root@node1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf --配置keepalived文件

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

--宕机后邮件报警

}

notification_email_from root --从哪个用户发出

smtp_server localhost --邮件服务器

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER --主节点

interface eth1 --监听的网卡

virtual_router_id 51 --虚拟路由ID号

priority 100 --配置优先级

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS --认证类型

auth_pass keep --认证密码

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.105 --虚拟IP地址

}

virtual_server 192.168.1.105 80 { --虚拟IP和端口设置

delay_loop 6

lb_algo rr

lb_kind DR

nat_mask 255.255.255.0

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.1.100 80 { --主服务器的IP和端口

weight 1 --权重

HTTP_GET { --启用HTTP服务

url {

path /

status_code 200 --监控状态码为200,如果返回不是200表示宕机

}

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

}

real_server 192.168.1.102 80 { --从服务器的IP和端口

weight 1 --权重

HTTP_GET {

url {

path /

status_code 200

}

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

}

[root@node2 keepalived]#

node2节点:

[root@node2 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

[root@node2 ~]# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

[root@node2 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

[root@node2 ~]# echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.1.105 broadcast 192.168.1.105 netmask 255.255.255.255 up

[root@node2 ~]# route add -host 192.168.1.105 dev eth0:1

[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:A5:94:4C

inet addr:192.168.1.102 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fea5:944c/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:1601817 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:1574326 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:104324952 (99.4 MiB) TX bytes:104338539 (99.5 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:A5:94:4C

inet addr:192.168.1.105 Bcast:192.168.1.105 Mask:255.255.255.255

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:6824 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:6824 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:2407997 (2.2 MiB) TX bytes:2407997 (2.2 MiB)

[root@node2 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/

[root@node2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

}

notification_email_from root

smtp_server localhost

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP --备用节点

interface eth1

virtual_router_id 51

priority 101

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass keep

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.105

}

virtual_server 192.168.1.105 80 {

delay_loop 6

lb_algo rr

lb_kind DR

nat_mask 255.255.255.0

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.1.100 80 {

weight 1

HTTP_GET {

url {

path /

status_code 200

}

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

}

real_server 192.168.1.102 80 {

weight 1

HTTP_GET {

url {

path /

status_code 200

}

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

}

[root@node2 keepalived]#

5.启动keepalived服务和ipvsadm的状态

node1和node2启动服务:

[root@node1 keepalived]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart

Stopping keepalived: [ OK ]

Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

[root@node1 keepalived]#

[root@node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart

Stopping keepalived: [ OK ]

Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

[root@node2 ~]#

[root@node1 keepalived]# ipvsadm -L -n

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP 192.168.1.105:80 rr

-> 192.168.1.100:80 Local 1 0 0

-> 192.168.1.102:80 Route 1 0 0

[root@node1 keepalived]#

6.测试是否正常

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/tongcheng/1576111

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